In this project, you will discover the Cisco Packet tracer which is a useful tool for networking students, And you will understand some important networking concepts as a cloud & DevOps student.
### Objectives
Discover and deal with some important networking devices.
Understand and usage of some important Services and protocols.
This project will be divided in 8 exercises where we will introduce you to the `Cisco Packet Tracer`, a valuable networking tool. Additionally, as a cloud and DevOps student, you will gain insight into key networking concepts as follows:
Understand OSI Model.
- `Discovering and dealing with networking devices`, this is fundamental in order to understand how networks are built and maintained.
Discover some important networking commands in Linux.
- `Understanding and using important services and protocols`, this is also critical as they provide the framework for communication and data transfer between devices on a network.
### Advice
- `The OSI Model` is a conceptual framework that describes the different layers of network communication and is an essential concept to master when learning about computer networks.
Avoid using any of the IP Subnet Calculator tools.
- `Discover some important networking commands in Linux`, knowing them is valuable, as Linux is a widely used operating system in networking and server environments. These commands are used to configure and troubleshoot network settings and interfaces, making them essential tools for network administrators and engineers.
Use CLI in the cisco packet tracer to configure the devices.
### Tips
Use commands to test the connectivity for different protocols.
- It is recommended not to rely on IP Subnet Calculator tools.
- To configure the devices, utilize the command-line interface (CLI) available in the `Cisco Packet Tracer`.
- Test connectivity for different protocols using appropriate commands.
- Use command-line debugging techniques to troubleshoot communication issues instead of relying on graphical user interface (GUI) tools.
Debug communication using commands instead of a GUI.
> Networking is really important in different IT specialties and specialties for cloud and DevOps engineering.
> Networking plays a critical role in various IT specialties, and is particularly essential for cloud and DevOps engineering.
> Be curious and never stop searching!
### Guideline
@ -35,32 +32,36 @@ Debug communication using commands instead of a GUI.
#### Cisco Packet Tracer:
In your machine or your virtual machine, you have to install Cisco Packet Tracer:
The Cisco Packet Tracer is a powerful network simulation tool used for teaching and learning complex networking concepts. It allows users to design, configure, and troubleshoot network setups, without the need for physical networking equipment. The tool can simulate a wide range of network devices, including routers, switches, servers, and endpoints, and enables users to create, configure, and connect network topologies in a virtual environment.
You have to install `Cisco Packet Tracer` on your machine or VM:
Take your time to discover it!
> You will need it in the audit sessions.
> You will need it in the audit.
#### Exercise 1:
In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
In your `Cisco PacketTracer` create this network:
- PC0 can communication with PC1.
- PC2 can communication with PC3.
- PC4 can communication with PC5.
- `PC0` can communicate with `PC1`.
- `PC2` can communicate with `PC3`.
- `PC4` can communicate with `PC5`.
- Knowledge: What is RJ-45 cable?
- Knowledge: Understand what is difference between straight-through and crossover RJ-45 cables.
**Knowledge:**
- What is RJ-45 cable?
- Understand what is the difference between straight through and crossover RJ-45 cables.
#### Exercise 2:
In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
In your `Cisco PacketTracer` create this network:
@ -69,125 +70,138 @@ In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
- Knowledge: What is the Switch and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is the Hub and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is the difference between the Switch and the Hub?
- Knowledge: At what layer of the OSI model do the switch and the hub operate?
**Knowledge:**
- Understand the function of a `switch` and a `hub`, how they operate and their role in networking.
- Differentiate between the `switch` and the `hub`.
- Identify the `OSI model layer` that the `switch` and `hub` operate on.
#### Exercise 3:
In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
In your `Cisco PacketTracer` create this network:
- All Servers must have static IP addresses.
- Your servers should only provide the service specified for them!
- All PC's IP addresses must be assigned by the DHCP server.
- Your HTTPS Server must show a hello message and HTTP must be disabled!
- Static IP addresses are mandatory for all servers.
- Services provided by each server should be limited to their designated purpose.
- The `DHCP server` must be responsible for assigning IP addresses to all PCs.
- The `HTTPS server` must display a hello message and `HTTP` must be disabled.
- You must have a user "deepinnet" with RWDNL access in your FTP Server.
- You must create a user account with the name "deepinnet" and provide `RWDNL` access on your `FTP server`.
- In your DNS Server you must add these records:
deep-in-net.local > 192.168.1.99
deep-in-net.com > deep-in-net.local
- Configure the following records in your `DNS server`:
- "https://deep-in-net.com" must redirect to your HTTPS server.
- Map "deep-in-net.local" to IP address 192.168.1.99.
- Map "deep-in-net.com" to "deep-in-net.local".
```bash
deep-in-net.local > 192.168.1.99
deep-in-net.com > deep-in-net.local
```
- Ensure that "https://deep-in-net.com" redirects to your `HTTPS server`.
- Knowledge: What is a Server and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is DHCP and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is DNS and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is HTTP and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is HTTPS and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is FTP and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is TCP and UDP communication and difference between them?
- Knowledge: What layer are TCP and UDP?
- Knowledge: What is the port in networking?
- Knowledge: What is the port and OSI Model layer of each used protocol?
- Knowledge: You must understand the DNS Records types!
**Knowledge:**
- Define a `server` and its purpose in networking.
- Explain `DHCP` and how it operates in a network.
- Define `DNS` and its role in network communication.
- Understand the purpose of `HTTP` and how it is used in networking.
- Explain `HTTPS` and how it is different from `HTTP`.
- Understand the purpose of `FTP` and how it operates in network communication.
- Define `TCP` and `UDP` communication and differentiate between them.
- Identify the `OSI model layer` where `TCP` and `UDP` operate.
- Define a `port` in networking and its function.
- Identify the `port` and `OSI model layer` for each protocol used.
- Understand the different types of `DNS` records.
#### Exercise 4:
In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
In your `Cisco PacketTracer` create this network:
- The 2 PCs must communicate with each other.
- Both PCs must communicate with each other.
- Knowledge: What is the Router and what is its role?
- Knowledge: What is the difference between the Switch and the Router?
- Knowledge: At what layer of the OSI model does a network Router?
- Knowledge: What is Default Gateway?
**Knowledge:**
- What is a `router` and what is its role?
- Differentiate between the switch and the router.
- Identify the `OSI model layer` where a `router` operates.
- Understand the term "default gateway".
#### Exercise 5:
In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
In your `Cisco PacketTracer` create this network:
- All devices connected to the same switch must be able to communicate with each other.
- All devices in subnet 1 can communicate with all devices in subnet 2.
- All devices in subnet 2 can communicate with all devices in subnet 1.
- All devices in `subnet 1` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 2`.
- All devices in `subnet 2` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 1`.
#### Exercise 6:
In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
In your `Cisco PacketTracer` create this network:
- The PC in subnet 1 can communicate with The PC in subnet 2.
- The PC in subnet 2 can communicate with The PC in subnet 1.
- The PC in `subnet 1` can communicate with The PC in `subnet 2`.
- The PC in `subnet 2` can communicate with The PC in `subnet 1`.
- Knowledge: What is a routing table and what is its role?
**Knowledge:**
- What is a routing table and explain its role in routing network traffic.
#### Exercise 7:
In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
In your `Cisco PacketTracer` create this network:
- All devices connected to the same switch must be able to communicate with each other.
- All devices in subnet 1 can communicate with all devices in subnet 2.
- All devices in subnet 2 can communicate with all devices in subnet 1.
- All devices connected to the same `switch` must be able to communicate with each other.
- All devices in `subnet 1` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 2`.
- All devices in `subnet 2` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 1`.
#### Exercise 8:
In your Cisco PacketTracer create this network:
In your `Cisco PacketTracer` create this network:
- All devices connected to the same switch must be able to communicate with each other.
- All devices in subnet 1 can communicate with all devices in subnet 2.
- All devices in subnet 1 can communicate with all devices in subnet 3.
- All devices in subnet 2 can communicate with all devices in subnet 1.
- All devices in subnet 2 can communicate with all devices in subnet 3.
- All devices in subnet 3 can communicate with all devices in subnet 1.
- All devices in subnet 3 can communicate with all devices in subnet 2.
- All devices in `subnet 1` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 2`.
- All devices in `subnet 1` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 3`.
- All devices in `subnet 2` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 1`.
- All devices in `subnet 2` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 3`.
- All devices in `subnet 3` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 1`.
- All devices in `subnet 3` can communicate with all devices in `subnet 2`.
### Bonus
If you complete the mandatory part perfectly, you can move to this part. You can add anything you feel deserves to be a bonus.
If you complete the mandatory part successfully and you still have free time, you can implement anything that you feel deserves to be a bonus.
Challenge yourself!
### Submission and audit
You must save your Exercises solutions to "ptk" files, and then push them to your repository.
You must save your Exercises solutions as "ptk" files, and then push them to your repository.
Your repository must look like this:
@ -205,6 +219,6 @@ bonus.pkt
user:~/deep-in-net$
```
> In the audit you must answer a group of questions, and recreate a network in the cisco packet tracer.
> In the audit you must answer a group of questions, and recreate a network in the `cisco packet tracer`, be prepared.
> You must also explain any calculations that you have made without the use of tools!
> If you fail to do any of this, then your project will be considered a failed project! so take your time to learn and practice.
Zouhair AMAZZAL