feat(input-redirection): add new exercise to scripting piscine

sh/tests/input-redirection_test.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+IFS='
+'
+
+script_dirS=$(cd -P "$(dirname "$BASH_SOURCE")" &>/dev/null && pwd)
+
+challenge() {
+    $(bash "$script_dirS"/student/input-redirection.sh)
+    submitted=$(bash "$script_dirS"/show_info.sh)
+    rm show_info.sh
+    $(bash "$script_dirS"/solutions/input-redirection.sh)
+    expected=$(bash "$script_dirS"/show_info.sh)
+    rm show_info.sh
+
+    diff <(echo "$submitted") <(echo "$expected")
+}
+
+challenge

sh/tests/solutions/input-redirection.sh

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# Unofficial Bash Strict Mode
+set -euo pipefail
+IFS='
+'
+
+echo "cat -e <<EOF
+The current directory is: $PWD
+The default paths are: $PATH
+The current user is: $USERNAME
+EOF
+" > show_info.sh

subjects/devops/input-redirection/README.md

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+## Input redirection
+
+### Instructions
+
+In this exercise you will make a script `input-redirection.sh`.
+This script will read from an here document (`HereDoc`).
+Usually this technique is used to programmatically generate scripts or configuration files receiving some multiline input.
+
+The script will create a file `show_info.sh` that will run the command `cat` with `-e` as argument.
+The input to `cat` will be passed using `HereDoc`. Running `show_info.sh` will output some useful information about three common environment variables.
+
+> The environment variables are `PWD`, `PATH` and `USERNAME`.
+
+### Usage
+
+- First generate the script programmatically:
+```console
+$ ./input_redirection.sh
+$
+```
+
+- Then run the generated script:
+```console
+$ ./show_info.sh
+The current directory is: current/path/example$
+The default paths are: /first_path:/second_path:/third_path$
+The current user is: your_name$
+$
+```
+
+### Hints
+
+You will need to mix more than one redirection tool:
+- `>` will be useful to create `show_info.sh`.
+- `<<` is the `HereDoc` redirection.
+
+- To start playing with `HereDoc` you can try `wc -l <<EOF`, type some random things, then write `EOF` on a new line and press `Enter`.
+
+- Don't forget you can use `echo` to write into `show_info.sh`.
+
+
+> You have to use Man or Google to know more about commands flags, in order to solve this exercise!
+> Google and Man will be your friends!